NAD+
Overview
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a central metabolic coenzyme present in every cell, where it mediates redox reactions and acts as a substrate for sirtuin and PARP enzymes. Published research characterizes NAD+ as a regulator of cellular energy homeostasis, stress resistance, and longevity pathways, with tissue NAD+ levels declining during aging in preclinical models.
Mechanism
In its reduced form (NADH), NAD+ serves as the primary electron donor to the mitochondrial respiratory chain, supporting ATP production via oxidative phosphorylation. NAD+ also activates the sirtuin deacetylase family (notably SIRT1 and SIRT3), which the literature links to mitochondrial biogenesis, antioxidant defense, and mitophagy of damaged mitochondria.
Research Areas
- Mitochondrial bioenergetics and oxidative phosphorylation
- Sirtuin-mediated regulation of cellular stress resistance
- Age-associated decline of tissue NAD+ in preclinical models
Handling & Storage
Lyophilized; store refrigerated. Reconstitute with bacteriostatic water for research use.
References
- 1.Zhu XH, et al. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide emerges as a therapeutic target in aging and ischemic conditions. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences (PubMed 30838484), 2019.
- 2.Srivastava S. Emerging therapeutic roles for NAD+ metabolism in mitochondrial and age-related disorders. Clinical and Translational Medicine (PMC4963347), 2016.
- 3.Ji Z, et al. Maintenance of NAD+ Homeostasis in Skeletal Muscle during Aging and Exercise. Cells (PMC8869961), 2022.